2016年12月大学英语六级仔细阅读试题
转眼2016下半年的英语六级考试就快到了，建议大家每天进行一些阅读训练，培养英语阅读习惯和信息查找能力，为12月的英语六级考试打好基础。
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A)， B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
The first week of July 1776 was a busy one for Thomas Jefferson. The Declaration of Independence, which he largely wrote, was adopted on the fourth. But he chose the same week to begin keeping a record of the temperature change in a notebook. This wasn't a single example: for eight years, as president, Jefferson made detailed notes on the seasonal availability of various vegetables in the markets of Washington, DC.
This wasn't because he couldn't focus, says Joshua Kendall, author of America's Obsessives (强迫症者):The Compulsive Energy That Built a Nation. Rather, his obsessional habits were a self-soothing response to anxiety. When his wife died, he responded by cataloguing the tens of thousands of letters he'd sent or received. "A mind always employed is always happy," he liked to say. But that wasn't a platitude (陈词滥调): some of Jefferson's compulsive industriousness made history, but all of it helped keep him mentally healthy.
The core of Kendall's argument is that many successful people show symptoms of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (强迫型人格障碍). Steve Jobs would get angry over a misplaced comma; he rejected one version of the Apple II computer because the lines on its internal circuit boards weren't straight enough. But, if Kendall is correct, Jobs wasn't a person consumed solely by his own ambition: he focused on shaping and perfecting the physical world just to avoid confronting his innermost all quotes a psychiatrist who says it often begins with an insecure growing-up: "Children who have little control over the key events and people in their lives begin to focus on something they can control." Avoiding self-reflection, they make poor parents and partners. But their avoidance also leads to their success.
This is disturbing, since the "experiential avoidance"---the effort not to feel certain feelings, or think certain thoughts--is widely considered as a bad thing. It's blamed for everything from social anxiety to self-harm; the fast-developing acceptance and commitment therapy is dedicated to overcoming it, by helping people safely to "feel their feelings". Could it really bring benefits?
The question strikes deep at how we think about psychological disorders. By definition, they interfere with life. But what counts as interfering is subjective: is it "better" to be a great innovator than an ordinary spouse, or vice versa? The happiest among Kendall's obsessives are those with self-awareness: they chose to embrace their obsessions, accepting the downsides. The tragic ones kept trying to make their relationships conform to their rigid demands. A Wired magazine cover last year asked readers, “Do you really want to be like Steve Jobs?" In a work culture that increasingly uses "obsessive" as a compliment, it's worth pausing to ask the question.
56. What was the main reason for Thomas Jefferson being busy in the first week of July 1776?
A. The adoption of the Declaration of Independence.
B. The recording of the temperature changes.
C. The recording of the availability of vegetables in the markets.
D. All of the above.
57. According to Kendall, why did Jefferson catalogue these letters when his wife died?
A. Because he couldn't focus on one matter.
B. Because he had sent and received too many letters.
C. Because he was industrious in order to make history.
D. Because he wanted to get relieved from the pain.
58. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true about Steve Jobs?
A. He paid close attention to details.
B. He showed some symptoms of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.
C. He easily lost his temper over little things.
D. He tried to avoid facing his true self.
59. What does the underlined "it" (Line 4, Para.4)refer to?
A. Acceptance and commitment therapy.
B. Experiential avoidance.
C. Social anxiety.
D. Self-harm.
60. What can we infer about the author's attitude towards "obsessive"?
A. It interferes with life.
B. It can be taken as a compliment.
C. It may lead to huge success.
D. It is widely blamed for everything.
1776年七月的第-周对耗马斯•杰斐逊来说是繁忙的-周.由他丰笔的《独立宣言》要在四号被采用。但是他选择在同-周开始在笔记本上记录气温变化。这还不是特例：作办总统，杰斐逊在八年期间-直详细记录各种蔬菜在华盛顿特区市场上的季节性供应情况。
按照《美国的强迫症者：建造国家的-股强迫性力量》的作者约书亚•肯德尔的说法，这不是因为杰斐逊不能专注。相反.他的强迫性习惯是应对焦虑的-种自我安抚.他的妻子去世时.他的反应就是把他曾发出和收到的成千上万的信件编成目录.他喜欢说： “忙碌的头脑总是快乐的.”但这不是陈辞滥调：杰斐逊的-些强迫件的勤勉创造了历史.但所有这些都帮助他保持心智健康。
肯德尔的观点的核心在于很多成功人士都具有强追性人格障碍的症状。斯蒂夫•乔布斯会因为-个逗号放错位置而勃然大怒。他还因为内部电路板上的线路不够直而放弃了苹果二代电脑的某个版本.但是.如果肯德尔是正确的.乔布斯就不是-个完全沉溺于个人抱负中的人.他专注于塑造和完善这个物质世界只是为了不去面对内心最深处的自我.-位精神病学家认为这通常源于缺少安全感的成长过程，肯德尔引用他的话说： “如果儿童对生活中的主要事件和人没有控制力，他们就会专注于某件他们能够控制的事情。”逃避自省，他们不会成为好的父母和搭档，但他们的逃避却让他们走向成功。
这是让人困扰的，因为“经验迥避”——努力不去感受某些感觉或者思考某些想法——被普遍看作-件坏事。从社交性焦虑到自残的所有事情都归咎于它。正在迅速发展的接受和投入疗法也是致力于克服它，通过帮助人们安全地“感受他们的感觉”。它真的能带来好处吗?
这个问题需要我们深入思考如何看待心理障碍.从定义上讲.心理障碍会妨碍生活.但什么才算作“妨碍”需要个人生观判断：做-个伟大的革新家比成为-个平凡的配偶“更好”吗?还是反之亦然?在肯德尔的强迫症者中.最幸福的是那些右自我意识的人：他们选择去接受那些强迫性意念.接受它们的负面效应.而那些不幸的人则不断地努力让他们的关系符合他们-成不变的需求。去年《联线杂志》的-个封面向读者问道， “您真的`想像斯蒂夫•乔布斯-样吗?”在-个把“强迫症”越来越多地用作恭维的工作文化中，我们值得停下来问-下这个问题。
was the main reason for Thomas Jefferson being busy in the first week of July 1776?托马斯•杰斐逊在1776年七月的第-周很忙的主要原因是什么? A
adoption of the Declaration of Independence.《独立宣言》被采用。
recording of the temperature changes.记录气温变化。
recording of the availability of vegetables in the markets.记录蔬菜在市场上的供应情况。
of the above.以上都包括。
rding to Kendall，why did Jefferson catalogue these letters when his wife died?根据肯德尔的观点，为什么杰斐逊在妻子去世时把那些信件做成目录? D
use he couldn’t focus on one matter.因为他不能集中精神做-件事。
use he had sent and received too many letters.因为他发送和收到太多的信件。
use he was industrious in order to make history.因为他为了创造历史而非常勤勉。
use he wanted to get relieved from the pain.因为他想从痛苦中解脱出来。
rding to the passage，which of the following statements is NOT true about Steve Jobs?根据原文，下面关于斯蒂夫•乔布斯的陈述哪-项是错误的? C
paid close attention to details.他非常关注细节。
showed some symptoms of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.他表现出-些强迫性人格障碍的症状。
easily lost his temper over little things.他容易因为小事而发脾气。
tried to avoid facing his true self.他努力避免面对真实的自我。
does the underlined “it”(Line 4，Para.4)refer to?下划线单词“it”(第4段第4行.指代的是什么? B
ptance and commitment therapy.接受与投入疗法
riential avoidance.经验回避
al anxiety.社交性焦虑
-harm.自残
can we infer about the author’s attitude towards “obsessive”?我们可以推论出作者对于“强迫症者”的态度是怎样的? C
interferes with life.它妨碍生活。
can be taken as a compliment.它可以被看作是-种恭维。
may lead to huge success.它能走向巨大的成功。
is widely blamed for everything.它因为很多事情而受到谴责。
